become a miner

mine

❢ In French, pronouns reflect the gender and number of the noun they are standing for. So mine is translated by le mien, la mienne, les miens, les miennes, according to what is being referred to: the blue car is mine = la voiture bleue est la mienne ; his children are older than mine = ses enfants sont plus âgés que les miens. For examples and particular usages, see the entry below. pron his car is red but mine is blue sa voiture est rouge mais la mienne est bleue ; the green pen is mine le stylo vert est le mien ; which glass is mine? lequel (de ces verres) est le mien?, mon verre c'est lequel ○ ? ; mine's a whisky ○ un whisky pour moi ; she's a friend of mine c'est une amie à moi ; he's no friend of mine! ce n'est pas un ami à moi! ; it's not mine ce n'est pas à moi ; the book isn't mine to lend you je ne peux pas te prêter ce livre, il n'est pas à moi ; mine is not an easy task fml ma tâche n'est pas facile ; that brother of mine péj mon imbécile de frère ○.

mine

A n

1 Mining mine f ; to work in ou down the mines travailler dans les mines ; to go down the mine ( become a miner) descendre à la mine ;

2 fig mine f ; to be a mine of information être une mine de renseignements ; to have a mine of experience to draw on pouvoir s'appuyer sur son expérience ;

3 Mil ( explosive) mine f ; to lay a mine ( on land) poser une mine ; ( in sea) mouiller une mine ; to hit ou strike a mine heurter une mine.

B vtr

1 Mining extraire [gems, mineral] ; exploiter [area] ;

2 Mil ( lay mines in) miner [area] ; ( blow up) faire sauter [ship, tank].

C vi exploiter un gisement ; to mine for extraire [gems, mineral].

■ mine out:

▶ mine out [sth], mine [sth] out extraire [mineral] ; exploiter [area, pit] ; the pit is completely mined out la mine est épuisée.

(v.) = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet, strike + lucky, strike + gold, hit + the jackpot

Ex. He thought he had landed on his feet when he got a job at a large and prestigious firm, but he soon discovered there was more to the job than he imagined.

Ex. It's a bit like a lottery -- sometimes you strike lucky and become rich and famous.

Ex. That was a Gold Rush term: the money a miner needed for grub until he struck gold.

Ex. Many gamblers dream about the day that they will hit the jackpot.

* * *

to become rich, to grow rich, to become wealthy, to get rich.

* * *

to get rich

* * *

(v.) = strike + it rich, strike + gold, hit + the jackpot

Ex. 'Stagecoach robberies', 'shoot-outs', ' striking it rich' these are all typical events associated to the Wild West when men and women from the East went to California searching for gold.

Ex. That was a Gold Rush term: the money a miner needed for grub until he struck gold.

Ex. Many gamblers dream about the day that they will hit the jackpot.

* * *

to be lucky, to have good luck, to have luck, to get lucky.

* * *

to be lucky

■ tienes mucha suerte you're really lucky

* * *

(v.) = be lucky, count + Posesivo + blessings, get + lucky, strike + gold, hit + the jackpot, strike + lucky, be in for a good thing, come in for + a good thing, be into a good thing, be in luck

Ex. 'We were lucky you happened to be sitting in your dean's office when I called about the position, and that you could come over for an interview right away'.

Ex. The article ' Count your blessings' evaluates the features and performance of 7 log-file analyzers designed to analyze the traffic using World Wide Web (WWW) Web sites.

Ex. The article is entitled 'Sports get lucky with lotteries lolly'.

Ex. That was a Gold Rush term: the money a miner needed for grub until he struck gold.

Ex. Many gamblers dream about the day that they will hit the jackpot.

Ex. It's a bit like a lottery -- sometimes you strike lucky and become rich and famous.

Ex. The value of shares were steadily rising and we began to hope that we might be in for a good thing at last.

Ex. They are the kind who complain of their hard luck when some one else happens to come in for a good thing.

Ex. They are plainly and simply greedy people who are into a good thing.

Ex. We were in luck in that the cheese was both in season and in stock andwe bought a huge wheel for 11 euros.

* * *

A a.

1 rosso: red cherries, ciliegie rosse; red hair, capelli rossi; red roses, rose rosse; red wine, vino rosso

2 (polit.) rosso; comunista

B n.

1 [uc] (color) rosso: deep red, rosso scuro; bright red, rosso vivo; Red is my favourite colour, il rosso è il mio colore preferito; She was dressed in red, era vestita di rosso; to wear red, vestire di rosso; the different reds of a sunset, i vari rossi di un tramonto

2 [u] rosso; vino rosso; a bottle of red, una bottiglia di vino rosso; Do you prefer red or white?, preferisci del vino rosso o bianco?

3 ( biliardo) bilia rossa

4 [u] rosso; luce rossa

5 (di solito al pl.) rosso; socialista; comunista; (stor.) bolscevico: (iron., antiq.) to see Reds under the bed, vedere comunisti dappertutto; (stor.) the Reds and the Whites, i Rossi e i Bianchi; i bolscevichi e i russi controrivoluzionari ( dopo il 1917)

6 ( sport, in GB) – the Reds, i rossi ( squadra con la maglia rossa)

● red alert, allarme rosso □ (zool.) red ant ( Formica rufa), formica rossa □ (stor.) the Red Army, l'Armata Rossa □ the Red Arrows, le «Red Arrows» ( pattuglia acrobatica della Royal Air Force) □ (trasp.) Red Arrow Bus, autobus dalla ferrovia alla zona centrale di Londra □ (polit.) red-baiting, attacchi (o persecuzione) con l'accusa di comunismo □ ( judo) red belt, cintura rossa □ (med.) red-blind, affetto da protanopia; protanope □ (med.) red-blindness, protanopia □ (biol.) red blood cell, globulo rosso □ red-blooded, ( di persona) vigoroso, gagliardo; ( di romanzo, ecc.) emozionante, pieno d'azione □ red book, annuario dei nomi di personaggi di spicco □ red-brick ► redbrick □ (stor.) the Red Brigades, le Brigate Rosse □ ( calcio) red card, cartellino rosso □ to get the red carpet treatment, essere accolto con tutti gli onori □ to roll out the red carpet for sb., accogliere q. con tutti gli onori □ ( USA) red cent, centesimo di dollaro ( un tempo di rame): I don't care a red cent, non me ne importa un fico secco □ (fam.) Red China, la Cina popolare □ the Red Crescent, la Mezzaluna Rossa □ red cross, croce di San Giorgio ( rossa su campo bianco: emblema dell' Inghilterra) □ the Red Cross, la Croce Rossa □ (zool.) red deer ( Cervus elaphus), cervo nobile; cervo europeo □ the Red Devils, (mil.) il reggimento dei paracadutisti inglesi; ( sport) i calciatori del Manchester United □ (naut.) the red ensign, la bandiera rossa ( della marina mercantile britannica) □ ( USA) red eye, (fam.) aereo in volo notturno; ( slang) whisky da strapazzo □ red eyes, occhi rossi □ red-faced, rosso in viso ( per imbarazzo, rabbia, ecc.) □ red flag, bandiera rossa ( segno di pericolo; stendardo della rivoluzione); (fig.) drappo rosso, cosa che mette paura □ the Red Flag, Bandiera Rossa ( l'inno socialista o comunista) □ (astron.) red giant, (stella) gigante rossa □ (zool.) red grouse ( Lagopus scoticus), pernice rossa della Scozia □ (polit., stor.) Red Guard, guardia rossa □ red-haired, dai capelli rossi □ red-handed, con le mani nel sacco; in flagrante: He was caught red-handed, è stato colto in flagrante □ (relig.) red hat, berretta cardinalizia; (fig.) la porpora ( dignità e ufficio di cardinale) □ red-headed, ( di una persona) dai capelli rossi; ( di un uccello, ecc.) dalla testa rossa □ (zool.) red-headed woodpecker, picchio capirosso □ (metall.) red heat, calore rosso □ red herring, aringa affumicata; (fig.) falsa traccia, diversivo; ( USA, fin., = red herring prospectus) manifesto di emissione preliminare □ red-hot, incandescente; (fig.) furibondo; (sost., slang USA) ‘hot dog’: red-hot anger, ira furibonda; ( sport, ecc.) red-hot favourite, superfavorito; red-hot news, notizie freschissime □ (antiq.) Red Indian, pellerossa □ red ink, inchiostro rosso; (fam., banca, fin.) indebitamento: The paper was covered in red ink, la copia era ricoperta di correzioni in rosso; We are drowning in a sea of red ink, siamo sommersi dai debiti □ red-ink, in inchiostro rosso; ( banca, fin.) passivo □ (miner.) red lead, minio □ (miner.) red-lead ore, crocoite □ red-lead paint, vernice al minio; antiruggine □ red-lead undercoat, mano di antiruggine □ red-letter day, ( un tempo) giorno festivo ( dal colore usato nei calendari); (fig.) giorno memorabile □ red light, luce rossa; semaforo rosso: (autom.) when the red light shows, quando il semaforo è rosso; to jump a red light, «bruciare» il rosso □ red-light district, distretto a luci rosse □ ( USA) red-lining, rifiuto di un mutuo o di un contratto assicurativo a persone che vivono in aree degradate o a rischio □ (antiq. o offensivo) red man, pellerossa □ ( pallanuoto) red marker, linea rossa di fondocampo □ red meat, carne rossa (spec. di manzo) □ (zool.) red mullet ( Mullus surmuletus), triglia di scoglio □ (bot.) red oak ( Quercus rubra), quercia rossa □ (miner.) red ochre, ocra rossa □ red pepper, peperone rosso; ( anche) pepe di Caienna □ (bot.) red pine ( Pinus resinosa), pino americano □ ( USA) Red Power Movement, movimento in favore degli indiani d'America □ a red rag ( to a bull), (fig.) una provocazione □ red rear light, fanale posteriore ( di una bici o una moto) □ ( USA) red ribbon, premio dato al secondo classificato □ (autom.) red route, strada con divieto di parcheggio (spec. a Londra) □ the Red Sea, il Mar Rosso □ (polit., USA) red state, Stato a maggioranza repubblicana □ red shift ► redshift □ ( ginnastica) red signal, segnale rosso □ red tail-lights, (autom.) fanali posteriori, fanalini di coda; (aeron.) luci di coda □ red tape, nastro rosso; (fig.) lungaggine burocratica □ red top, quotidiano popolare □ (bot.) red weed, ( Papaver rhoeas) rosolaccio; ( Phytolacca americana) fitolacca □ red worm, lombrico rosso ( usato come esca) □ as red as a beetroot, rosso come un peperone □ ( banca) to be in the red, essere in rosso; avere il conto scoperto □ to become (o to go) red in the face, diventare rosso; arrossire □ ( banca) to go into the red, andare in rosso; andare sotto (fam.) □ ( banca) to get out of the red, tornare in credito □ (fig.) to caught red-handed, essere colto con le mani nel sacco □ (fig.) to see red, vedere rosso, infuriarsi.

gold

A n

1 Miner, Fin or m ; £1,000 in gold 1 000 livres sterling en or ; to strike gold Miner découvrir un filon ; ( become rich) trouver le filon ○ ; [athlete] obtenir la médaille d'or ;

2 ( colour) (couleur f) or m ;

3 = gold medal.

B modif [jewellery, cutlery, tooth] en or ; [coin, medal, ingot, wire] d'or ; [ore, deposit, alloy] d'or.

C adv to go gold ○ Mus être disque d'or.

to be as good as gold être sage comme une image ; to have a heart of gold avoir un cœur d'or ; to be worth one's weight in gold valoir son pesant d'or.

wash

A n

1 ¢ ( by person) to give [sth] a wash laver [window, floor] ; nettoyer [object] ; lessiver [paintwork, walls] ; se laver [hands, face] ; to give sb a wash débarbouiller [child] ; you need a good wash tu as besoin d'un bon débarbouillage ; to have a quick wash faire un brin de toilette ○ ; these curtains/your feet need a wash ces rideaux/tes pieds ont besoin d'être lavés ;

2 ( laundry process) lavage m ; weekly wash lessive f hebdomadaire ; after only two washes après deux lavages seulement ; in the wash ( about to be cleaned) au sale ; ( being cleaned) au lavage ;

3 ( movement) (from boat, aircraft) remous m ;

4 ( coating) gen couche f (de peinture) ; ( with whitewash) badigeon m ; Art lavis m ;

5 Pharm lotion f ;

6 ( swill) pâtée f.

B modif frequent wash shampoo shampooing m pour lavages fréquents ; pen and wash drawing dessin m à la plume et au lavis.

C, US wO ;S vtr

1 ( clean) laver [person, clothes, floor] ; nettoyer [object, wound] ; lessiver [paintwork, surface] ; to get washed se laver ; to wash everything by hand/in the machine laver tout à la main/à la machine ; to wash one's hands/face se laver les mains/le visage ; to wash sth clean laver [hands, clothes, floor] ; lessiver [paintwork] ; nettoyer [cut] ; to wash the dishes faire la vaisselle ;

2 ( carry along) [tide, current] entraîner [silt, debris] ; to be washed out to sea être entraîné vers le large ; to be washed along by the tide être entraîné par la marée ; to be washed downstream être entraîné en aval ; to wash sb/sth ashore rejeter qn/qch sur le rivage ; to wash sb/sth overboard emporter qn/qch par-dessus bord ;

3 littér ( lap against) lécher [rock, shore] ;

4 ( dig out) creuser ; the water had washed a hole in the bank les inondations avaient creusé un trou dans le talus ;

5 ( coat) Art laver [drawing] ; gen, Constr passer une légère couche de peinture sur [wall] ; ( with whitewash) badigeonner [wall] ; to wash a wall in pink passer une légère couche de rose sur un mur ; to wash sth with gold dorer qch au trempé [metal, coin] ;

6 Chem, Miner, Mining ( purify by separation) épurer [qch] par lavage [gas] ; laver [ore].

D vi

1 ( clean oneself) [person] se laver, faire sa toilette ; [animal] faire sa toilette ;

2 ( clean clothes) faire la lessive ; I wash on Mondays je fais la lessive le lundi ; Whizzo washes whiter Advertg Whizzo lave plus blanc ;

3 ( become clean) se laver ; to wash easily/well se laver facilement/bien ;

4 ○ ( be believed) his explanation won't wash with the electorate son explication ne satisfera pas l'électorat ; that excuse won't wash with me cette excuse ne me satisfait pas.

E v refl to wash oneself [person] se laver ; [animal] se nettoyer.

it will all come out in the wash ( be revealed) tout finira bien par se savoir ; ( be resolved) tout finira par s'arranger ; to wash one's hands of se laver les mains de [matter] ; se désintéresser de [person].

■ wash away:

▶ wash [sth] away, wash away [sth]

1 ( clean) faire partir [dirt] ; Relig laver [sins] ;

2 ( carry off) [flood, tide, current] emporter [structure, debris] ; ( by erosion) [sea] éroder [cliff, bank] ;

▶ wash [sb] away [wave, tide] emporter [person].

■ wash down:

▶ wash [sth] down, wash down [sth]

1 ( clean) laver [qch] à grande eau [surface, vehicle] ; lessiver [paintwork] ;

2 ○ ( help to swallow) faire descendre [pill] ; faire passer [unpleasant food] ; arroser [food] ; a good steak washed down with a glass of claret un bon steak arrosé d'un verre de bordeaux.

■ wash off:

▶ wash off [mark] partir au lavage ;

▶ wash [sth] off, wash off [sth]

1 ( clean off) faire partir [qch] à l'eau [dirt, mark] ; to wash the mud off the car laver la voiture pour faire partir la boue ; go and wash that dirt off your face débarbouille-toi la figure ;

2 ( carry off) drainer [topsoil].

■ wash out:

▶ wash out

1 ( disappear by cleaning) [stain] partir au lavage ; [colour] passer ; stains that won't wash out Advertg taches rebelles ;

2 ○ US ( fail to reach standard for) she washed out of college elle s'est fait recaler aux examens d'entrée en fac ○ ;

▶ wash [sth] out, wash out [sth]

1 ( remove by cleaning) faire partir [qch] au lavage [stain] ; faire passer [colour] ;

2 ( rinse inside) rincer [cup, inside] ;

3 ( clean quickly) passer [qch] à l'eau [dishcloth, brush] ;

4 ( rain off) ( gén au passif) the first day's play was washed out la première journée a été annulée à cause de la pluie ;

5 Miner, gen extraire [precious metal] ; ( from mud) débourber [precious metal].

■ wash over: [water] balayer [deck] ; everything I say just washes over him tout ce que je dis glisse sur lui ; a great feeling of relief washed over me un immense soulagement m'a envahi.

■ wash through:

▶ wash [sth] through passer [qch] à l'eau.

■ wash up:

▶ wash up

1 GB ( do dishes) faire la vaisselle ;

2 US ( clean oneself) [person] faire un brin de toilette ○ ;

▶ wash [sth] up, wash up [sth]

1 ( clean) laver [plate] ; nettoyer [pan] ;

2 ( bring to shore) [tide] rejeter [body, debris].

SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology

[br]

[br]

[br]

After studying at the Freiberg Mining Academy he returned to his home region to serve in the mining administration, first at Clausthal. In 1848 he became an inspector of mines in Zellerfeld. He had become aware that in the early nineteenth century, when 500 m (1,640 ft) shafts were no longer unusual, devices other than ladders were needed for access to mines. Dörell found out that miners, in terms of physical strength, had to consume almost one-third more of their energy to climb up the shaft than they had to spend at work during the shift in the mine. Accordingly, in 1833 he constructed the miner's elevator. Two timbered bars, similar to those used for pumps, were installed in the shaft and were driven by water-wheel and moved in opposite directions. They were placed at such a distance from each other that the miners could easily step from one to the other in order to go up or down the shaft as desired.

Dörell's elevators worked with great success and their use soon became widespread among Central European mining districts. Their use is particularly associated with Cornish tin-mines, where several such elevators operated over considerable distances.

[br]

1 also, too, as well.

Va a asistir ella, también? Will she attend, as well?

2 as well.

Va a asistir ella, también? Will she attend, as well?

* * *

► adverbio

1 (igualmente) also, too, as well, so

■ Pedro también estaba Pedro was also there, Pedro was there too, Pedro was there as well

■ ellos están trabajando y Juan también they're working and so is Juan

■ llegaron tarde y yo también they arrived late and so did I

2 (además) besides, in addition

* * *

1) also, likewise, too

2) so

* * *

1) (=además) also, too, as well

2) [uso enfático]

* * *

adverbio too, as well

* * *

= again, also, as well, too.

Ex. Smaller libraries may increasingly use the Concise AACR2, and here again the recommendations are not always precisely consistent with AACR2.

Ex. This simple observation also goes some of the way towards explaining the variety of tools, methods and systems which are encountered in the organisation knowledge.

Ex. Again, the following statement is appropriate: A is permitted, but consider B or C or... N, as well or instead.

Ex. In some institutions, too, the library has become one of the sites for clusters of terminals or microcomputers, linked to the central computing facility.

----

* a mí también me gustaría tener la misma oportunidad = turnabout is fair play.

* donde cabe mucho también cabe poco = what holds a lot will hold a little.

* éste es también el caso de = the same is true (for/of/with).

* no sólo... sino también... = not only... but also....

* nosotros también = same here.

* ser también válido para = hold + good for.

* un día sí y otro también = day in and day out.

* yo también = same here, me too.

* * *

adverbio too, as well

* * *

* * *

A too, as well

a mí también me engañó he tricked me as well o too

también habla ruso she speaks Russian as well o too, she also speaks Russian

está de baja — ¿él también? he's off sick — him too? o him as well?

¿también ella lo sabía? you mean she knew about it too o as well?

¿conoces Lima? — sí — ¿y La Paz? — sí también do you know Lima? — yes — and La Paz? — yes, I've been there too o as well

que te diviertas — tú también have fun! — you too o and you

estás invitado y tu mujer también you're invited and so is your wife o and your wife, too

Pilar fuma — yo también Pilar smokes — so do I o I do too o ( colloq) me too

él ha terminado — Graciela también he's finished — so has Graciela o Graciela has too

el también cirujano López Saura ( period); López Saura, (who is) also a surgeon

(uso expletivo): está disgustado, también es cierto que tiene motivos he's upset, mind you o but then he has reason to be

también hay que decir que … of course, it has to be said that …

le pegó una paliza — ¿(y) también? ¡con lo que hizo! ( RPl fam); she gave him a good hiding — well, no wonder o well, I'm not surprised, after what he did!

* * *

◊ también habla ruso she speaks Russian too o as well;

* * *

también adv

1. [igualmente] too, also;

yo también vivo en Chile, yo vivo en Chile también I live in Chile too o as well;

yo también me too;

dormí muy bien – yo también I slept very well – me too o so did I;

también a mí me gusta I like it too;

¿tú también quieres helado? do you want some ice cream as well o too?;

yo soy minero y mi padre también I'm a miner and so is my father

2. [además] also, too;

trabaja también de taxista he also works as a taxi driver;

sabes cantar y bailar, pero no tocar el piano – sí, también you can sing and you can dance, but you can't play the piano – yes, I can do that too;

cose, cocina y también plancha he sews, cooks and irons too o as well

3. [en usos enfáticos]

le eché un broncazo increíble – ¡tú también! I gave him a real telling off – was that really necessary?;

perdieron el examen – y también, si fueron sin estudiar they failed the exam – no wonder o that's hardly surprising, if they didn't do any revision

* * *

adv also, too, as well;

yo también me too;

él estudia inglés - yo también he’s studying English - me too o so am I;

él también dice que … he also says that …

* * *

también adv

: too, as well, also

* * *

también adv too / also

yo también me too / so am I / so do I, etc

fig enrich

* * *

arricchire v.tr.

1 to enrich, to make* rich, to make* wealthy (anche fig.): arricchire la mente di cognizioni; to enrich one's mind with knowledge; arricchire una collezione, to enlarge (o to add to) a collection // arricchire le casse dello stato, to fill the state's coffers

2 (miner.) to dress: arricchire un minerale, to upgrade

3 (fis.) to enrich

◆ v. intr. ( diventare ricco) → arricchirsi.

◘ arricchirsi v.rifl. o intr.pron. to become* rich, to get* rich, to grow* rich; to add to one's wealth; (fig.) to be enriched, to grow* richer: la lingua inglese si arricchisce continuamente di parole nuove, the English language is continually being enriched by new words; arricchire a spese altrui, to grow rich at the expense of others; arricchire in fretta, to get rich quick; arricchire in modo disonesto, (spec. in tempo di guerra ecc.) to profiteer.

* * *

1. vt

2. vip (arricchirsi)

(persona) to grow o become o get rich, (collezione)

* * *

verbo transitivo

1) (finanziariamente) to make* [sb., sth.] rich, to enrich [persona, paese]

2) (aumentare) to enrich, to enhance [collezione, conoscenze, opera] (di with)

3) chim. to enrich [alimento, uranio]

verbo pronominale arricchirsi [ persona] to grow* rich, to get* rich

* * *

arricchire

/arrik'kire/ [102]

I verbo transitivo

 1 (finanziariamente) to make* [sb., sth.] rich, to enrich [persona, paese]

 2 (aumentare) to enrich, to enhance [collezione, conoscenze, opera] (di with)

 3 chim. to enrich [alimento, uranio]

II arricchirsi verbo pronominale

 [ persona] to grow* rich, to get* rich.

disidratare v.tr.

1 (chim., med.) to dehydrate

2 (miner.) to dewater.

◘ disidratarsi v.intr.pron. to dehydrate.

* * *

verbo transitivo to dehydrate

verbo pronominale disidratarsi to dehydrate, to become* dehydrated

* * *

disidratare

/dizidra'tare/ [1]

I verbo transitivo

 to dehydrate

II disidratarsi verbo pronominale

 to dehydrate, to become* dehydrated.

1) (to clean (a room etc) using a brush or broom: The room has been swept clean.) feie, koste, sope

2) (to move as though with a brush: She swept the crumbs off the table with her hand; The wave swept him overboard; Don't get swept away by (= become over-enthusiastic about) the idea!; She swept aside my objections.) feie, koste; rive med

3) (to move quickly over: The disease/craze is sweeping the country.) gå/feie over; hjemsøke

4) (to move swiftly or in a proud manner: High winds sweep across the desert; She swept into my room without knocking on the door.) feie, suse, skride

1) (an act of sweeping, or process of being swept, with a brush etc: She gave the room a sweep.) feiing, kosting, soping

2) (a sweeping movement: He indicated the damage with a sweep of his hand.) feiende bevegelse, sving

3) (a person who cleans chimneys.) (skorsteins)feier

4) (a sweepstake.) lotteri

•

- sweeper

sope

subst. \/swiːp\/

1) feiing, soping, måking

• he gave the room a good sweep

2) feiende bevegelse, sveip, drag, strøk, kast, sving

3) (skorsteins)feier, gatefeier

4) ( i terreng) (lang) strekning, bredt område, lang skråning, lang kurve, lang rad

5) rekkevidde, synsvidde, omfang, spennvidde

6) ( sjøfart og militærvesen) paravane, minesveiper, minesveiping, patruljering, finkjemming

7) ( sport) storseier, brakseier, erobring, seier i samtlige øvelser

• a sweep of all titles

8) ( kortspill) rent bord, slem

9) brønnvippe, styreåre, vindmøllevinge

10) usling, lømmel

at one sweep eller in one sweep på en gang, i ett (eneste) sveip

make a clean sweep gjøre rent bord

(carriage) sweep svinget innkjørsel, svinget oppkjørsel

a sweep of one's hand en feiende håndbevegelse

sweep of shoulder skulderbredde

sweep of the oar åretak

sweeps det som er feid opp

within the sweep of something innen noens rekkevidde

• the eagle was within the sweep of the eye

verb ( swept - swept) \/swiːp\/

1) feie, sope

• sweep your chimney regularly to avoid fire

• he swept the dust away

2) ( om vær og vind) feie (over), feie langs, suse, fare over, slå, skylle

• the wind swept the coast

• a wave swept over det deck

3) ( overført) herje, fare herjende frem over, ta med storm, feie (gjennom)

• the epidemic swept the country

• the pop group swept Britain

4) gli raskt, fare over, suse over, komme farende, jage

• the eagle swept down on its pray

• his fingers swept the keys on the piano

5) skride frem, seile frem

• the singer swept on to the platform

6) ( om kyst e.l.) strekke seg, utbre seg, bøye av

• the coast sweeps northwards in a wide curve

7) ( også overført) gjennomsøke, sveipe, dregge, feie rent

• they swept the coast for mines

• the general decided to sweep the country for enemies

8) stryke, røre, kjærtegne, gli over (om blikk)

• she swept the bow lightly across the strings of the fiddle

9) ( sport e.l.) vinne overlegent, vinne alle grener, vinne alle klasser

10) ( militærvesen) bestryke

• the artillery was placed to sweep the whole field

be swept off one's feet ( overført) bli revet med, bli begeistret, bli tatt med storm bli kastet over ende

sweep along trekke med seg

sweep aside feie\/føyse til side

sweep away eller sweep off sope\/skylle vekk, feie med seg, feie unna ( overført også) avskaffe, rydde av veien

sweep clean feie (rent)

sweep down feie ned, feie ut

sweep out feie ut, feie rent

sweep the board gjøre rent bord

sweep up feie opp, skrape sammen

swept of tom for, tømt for

n. mind (in its widest sense as applied to all the mental powers),

1) (marshy ground) pantano m., palude f.

2) (anche peat bog) torbiera f.

3) BE pop. (toilet) cesso m.

verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - gg-) impantanare

verbo intransitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - gg-) impantanarsi

••

* * *

- boggy

* * *

1 pantano; palude

2 torbiera

3 – the bog (fam. GB) il gabinetto; il cesso

● bog earth, torba □ (miner.) bog iron ore, limnite □ (bot.) bog moss, sfagno □ (fam. spreg.) bog-trotter, irlandese.

( anche to bog down) impantanare: to become bogged down, restare impantanati; impantanarsi; to get bogged down in small details, impantanarsi nei dettagli.

* * *

1) (marshy ground) pantano m., palude f.

2) (anche peat bog) torbiera f.

3) BE pop. (toilet) cesso m.

verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - gg-) impantanare

verbo intransitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - gg-) impantanarsi

••

1) (wealthy) reich

2) (having great resources) reich (in an + Dat.); (fertile) fruchtbar [Land, Boden]

3) (splendid) prachtvoll; prächtig; reich [Ausstattung]

4) (containing much fat, oil, eggs, etc.) gehaltvoll; (indigestible) schwer [Essen]

5) (deep, full) voll[tönend] [Stimme]; voll [Ton]; satt [Farbe, Farbton]; voll [Geschmack]

6) (valuable) reich (geh.) [Geschenke, Opfergaben]

7) (amusing) köstlich

* * *

1) (wealthy; having a lot of money, possessions etc: a rich man/country.) reich

2) ((with in) having a lot( of something): This part of the country is rich in coal.) reich

3) (valuable: a rich reward; rich materials.) reich

4) (containing a lot of fat, eggs, spices etc: a rich sauce.) reichhaltig

5) ((of clothes, material etc) very beautiful and expensive.) kostbar

•

- academic.ru/62314/richly">richly

* * *

I. adj

1. (wealthy) reich

\rich nation reiches Land

\rich pickings reiche [Aus]beute; for pickpockets leichte Beute

to get \rich quick schnell zu Reichtum kommen [o reich werden]

to become [or grow] \rich reich werden

2. (abounding) reich

▪ to be \rich in sth reich an etw dat sein

it was a journey \rich in incidents es war eine Reise voller Zwischenfälle

\rich deposits of minerals reiche Mineralienvorkommen

\rich in detail sehr detailliert

\rich in ideas ideenreich

\rich source unerschöpfliche Quelle

\rich in vitamins vitaminreich

3. (very fertile) land fruchtbar, reich; earth, soil also fett

\rich harvest reiche Ernte

\rich vegetation üppige Vegetation

4. (opulent) carvings, furniture prachtvoll

\rich buildings Prachtbauten pl

5. (valuable)

\rich offerings reiche Gaben

\rich reward großzügige Belohnung

6. (of food) gehaltvoll; (hard to digest) schwer

a \rich meal ein opulentes Mahl

7. drink schwer, vollmundig

8. (intense)

\rich colour [or AM color] satte [o kräftige] Farbe

\rich flavour [or AM flavor] reiches Aroma

\rich smell schwerer Duft

\rich taste voller Geschmack

\rich tone voller [o satter] Klang

9. AUTO

\rich mixture fettes Gemisch fachspr

10. (interesting) reich; life also erfüllt

\rich experience wertvolle Erfahrung

\rich history bedeutende Vergangenheit

11. MIN

\rich mine ergiebige Mine

\rich mineral deposit fündiger Erzgang

12. pred ( fam: causing amusement) criticism, remark lächerlich

that's \rich coming from him! das muss gerade er sagen!, das ist ein starkes Stück von ihm! fam

II. n

▪ the \rich pl die Reichen pl

* * *

1. adj (+er)

1) (= wealthy) reich

2) (= splendid) furniture, decoration, style, clothes prächtig; gift teuer; banquet üppig

3) food schwer

4) (= fertile) soil fruchtbar, fett; land fruchtbar, reich

5) (= abundant, plentiful) reich

6) (= intense) colour satt; sound, voice voll; wine schwer; smell kräftig, stark

7) (= full, eventful) life erfüllt; history, experience reich

8) (inf: amusing) köstlich

9) (AUT) mixture fett

10)

2. n

1)

2) pl Reichtümer pl

* * *

rich [rıtʃ]

A adj (adv → richly)

1. reich, wohlhabend, begütert:

marry rich reich heiraten

2. reich (in an dat), reichhaltig:

rich in contrasts kontrastreich;

rich in hydrogen wasserstoffreich;

rich in ideas ideenreich;

rich in ornament reich verziert

3. schwer (Stoff), prächtig, kostbar (Seide, Schmuck etc)

4. reich geschmückt, reich verziert (Möbel etc)

5. reich(lich), ergiebig:

rich harvest reiche Ernte

6. fruchtbar, fett (Boden)

7. a) GEOL (erz)reich, erzhaltig, fündig (Lagerstätte)

b) MINER reich, fett (Erz):

strike it rich auf Öl etc stoßen, fig zu Geld kommen, auch das große Los ziehen

8. CHEM, TECH schwer (Gas etc), AUTO fett, reich (Gemisch):

rich oil Schweröl n

9. schwer, kräftig (Nahrung)

10. schwer, stark (Parfüm, Wein)

11. kräftig, voll, satt (Farben)

12. a) voll, satt (Klang)

b) voll(tönend), klangvoll (Stimme)

13. inhalt(s)reich, -voll

14. umg köstlich:

that’s rich! iron das ist ja großartig!, pej das ist ein starkes Stück!

15. saftig umg (Ausdrucksweise)

B s the rich koll die Reichen pl

* * *

1) (wealthy) reich

2) (having great resources) reich (in an + Dat.); (fertile) fruchtbar [Land, Boden]

3) (splendid) prachtvoll; prächtig; reich [Ausstattung]

4) (containing much fat, oil, eggs, etc.) gehaltvoll; (indigestible) schwer [Essen]

5) (deep, full) voll[tönend] [Stimme]; voll [Ton]; satt [Farbe, Farbton]; voll [Geschmack]

6) (valuable) reich (geh.) [Geschenke, Opfergaben]

7) (amusing) köstlich

* * *

reich (an) adj. adj.

reich adj.

reichhaltig adj.

reichlich adj.

schwer (Speisen) adj.

wear [wεə^r]

(verb: preterite wore, past participle worn)

1. noun

   a. ( = clothes) vêtements mpl

• children's/summer/ski wear vêtements mpl pour enfants/d'été/de ski

• clothes for everyday wear vêtements mpl pour tous les jours

• it's suitable for everyday wear on peut le porter tous les jours

   b. ( = use) usage m ; ( = deterioration through use) usure f

• this material will stand up to a lot of wear ce tissu résistera bien à l'usure

• there is still some wear left in it (garment, shoe, carpet, tyre) cela fera encore de l'usage

• he got four years' wear out of it cela lui a fait quatre ans

• it has had a lot of wear and tear c'est très usagé

• normal wear and tear usure f normale

• to show signs of wear [clothes, shoes] commencer à être défraîchi ; [carpet, tyres] commencer à être usé ; [machine] commencer à être fatigué

2. transitive verb

   a. ( = have on) porter ; [+ beard, moustache] avoir

• he was wearing a hat il portait un chapeau

• the man wearing a hat l'homme au chapeau

• he was wearing nothing but a pair of socks il n'avait pour tout vêtement qu'une paire de chaussettes

• she was wearing blue elle était en bleu

• he wears good clothes il s'habille bien

• what shall I wear? qu'est-ce que je vais mettre ?

• I've nothing to wear je n'ai rien à me mettre

• she wears her hair long elle a les cheveux longs

• she wears her hair in a bun elle porte un chignon

• to wear lipstick mettre du rouge à lèvres

• to wear perfume se parfumer

• she was wearing make-up elle (s')était maquillée

• she's the one who wears the trousers or the pants (US) c'est elle qui porte la culotte (inf)

   b. [+ smile] arborer ; [+ look] afficher

• she wore a frown elle fronçait les sourcils

• he wore a look of satisfaction il affichait un air de satisfaction

• she wears her age well elle porte bien son âge

   c. ( = rub) to wear a hole in sth finir par faire un trou dans qch

• the rug was worn thin le tapis était usé jusqu'à la corde

• her face was worn with care son visage était rongé par les soucis

   d. (British) ( = tolerate, accept) (inf) tolérer

• he won't wear that il n'acceptera jamais

• the committee won't wear another £100 on your expenses vous ne ferez jamais avaler au comité 100 livres de plus pour vos frais (inf)

3. intransitive verb

   a. ( = deteriorate with use) [garment, fabric, stone, wood] s'user

• these trousers have worn at the knees ce pantalon est usé aux genoux

• that excuse has worn thin! cette excuse ne prend plus !

• my patience is wearing thin je suis presque à bout de patience

• their optimism is starting to wear thin ils commencent à perdre leur optimisme

• that joke is starting to wear a bit thin! cette plaisanterie commence à être éculée !

   b. ( = last) a theory/friendship that has worn well une théorie/amitié qui a résisté à l'épreuve du temps

• she has worn well (inf) elle est bien conservée

   c. to wear to its end or to a close [day, year, sb's life] tirer à sa fin

► wear away

1. intransitive verb

[wood, metal] s'user ; [cliffs, rock] être rongé ; [inscription, design] s'effacer

2. separable transitive verb

[+ wood, metal] user ; [+ cliffs, rock] ronger ; [+ inscription, design] effacer

► wear down

1. intransitive verb

[heels, pencil] s'user ; [resistance, courage] s'épuiser

2. separable transitive verb

[+ materials, patience, strength] user ; [+ courage, resistance] miner

• the hard work was wearing him down le travail l'usait

• constantly being criticized wears you down ça (vous) mine d'être constamment critiqué

• I had worn myself down by overwork je m'étais usé en travaillant trop

• the unions managed to wear the employers down les syndicats ont réussi à faire céder les employeurs

► wear off intransitive verb

[colour, design, inscription] s'effacer ; [pain] disparaître ; [anger, excitement] passer ; [effects, anaesthetic, magic] se dissiper

• the novelty has worn off cela n'a plus l'attrait de la nouveauté► wear on intransitive verb

[day, year, winter] avancer ; [battle, war, discussions] se poursuivre

• as the years wore on à mesure que les années passaient► wear out

1. intransitive verb

[clothes, material, machinery] s'user ; [patience, enthusiasm] s'épuiser

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ shoes, clothes] user ; [+ one's strength, reserves, materials, patience] épuiser

   b. ( = exhaust) [+ person, horse] épuiser

• to wear one's eyes out s'user les yeux

• to wear o.s. out s'épuiser ( doing sth à faire qch)

• to be worn out être exténué

► wear through intransitive verb se trouer (par usure)

* * *

noun [U]

1) ( clothing) vêtements mpl

2) ( use)

3) ( damage) usure f (on de)

transitive verb (prét wore; pp worn)

1) ( be dressed in) porter

2) (put on, use) mettre

3) ( display)

4) ( damage by use) user

5) (colloq) ( accept) tolérer [behaviour]; accepter [excuse]

intransitive verb (prét wore; pp worn)

1) ( become damaged) s'user

2) ( withstand use)

•

- wear away

- wear down

- wear off

- wear on

- wear out

- wear through

SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology, Domestic appliances and interiors

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To assist the finances of a coal miner's family, Owens entered a glassworks at Wheeling, Virginia, at the tender age of 10, stoking coal into the "glory hole" or furnace where glass was resoftened at various stages of the hand-forming process. By the age of 15 he had become a glassblower.

In 1888 Owens moved to the glassworks of Edward Drummond Libbey at Toledo, Ohio, where within three months he was appointed Superintendent and, not long after, a branch manager. In 1893 Owens supervised the company's famous exhibit at the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago. He had by then begun experiments that were to lead to the first automatic bottle-blowing machine. He first used a piston pump to suck molten glass into a mould, and then transferred the gathered glass over another mould into which the bottle was blown by reversing the pump. The first patents were taken out in 1895, followed by others incorporating improvements and culminating in the patent of 8 November 1904 for an essentially perfected machine. Eventually it was capable of producing four bottles a second, thus effecting a revolution in bottle making. Owens, with Libbey and others, set up the Owens Bottle Machine Company in 1903, which Owens himself managed from 1915 to 1919, becoming Vice-President from 1915 until his death. A plant was also established in Manchester in 1905.

Besides this, Owens and Libbey first assisted Irving W.Colburn with his experiments on the continuous drawing of flat sheet glass and then in 1912 bought the patents, forming the Owens-Libbey Sheet Glass Company. In all, Owens was granted forty-five US patents, mainly relating to the manufacture and processing of glass. Owens's undoubted inventive genius was hampered by a lack of scientific knowledge, which he made good by judicious consultation.

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SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology

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From an old mining family in the Saxon coalfields, Wolf was aware from his youth of the urgent demand for a miner's lamp which would provide adequate light but not provoke firedamp explosions. While working as an engineer in Zwickau, Wolf spent his spare time conducting experiments for such a lamp. The basic concept of his invention was the principle that dangerous concentrations of methane and air would not explode within a small pipe; this had been established almost seventy years earlier by the English chemist Humphrey Davy. By combining and developing certain devices designed by earlier inventors, in 1883 Wolf produced a prototype with a glass cylinder, a primer fixed inside the lamp and a magnetic lock. Until the successful application of electric light, Wolfs invention was the safest and most popular mining safety lamp. Many earlier inventions had failed to address all the problems of lighting for mines; Davy's lamp, for example, would too quickly become sooty and hot. As Wolfs lamp burned petroleum spirit, at first it was mistrusted outside Saxony, but it successfully passed the safety tests in all the leading coal-producing countries at that time. As well as casting a safe, constant light, the appearance of the cap flame could indicate the concentration of fire-damp in the air, thus providing an additional safety measure. Wolfs first patent was soon followed by many others in several countries, and underwent many developments. In 1884 Heinrich Friemann, a merchant from Eisleben, invested capital in the new company of Friemann and Wolf, which became the leading producer of miners' safety lamps. By 1914 they had manufactured over one million lamps, and the company had branches in major mining districts worldwide.

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